Last week’s light release schedule suggests that the Federal Reserve may be planning to cut rates this year, as most inflation data align with this expectation. This week, the only notable releases are the minor FOMC Minutes and the U.S. leading economic indicator index. While these indicators came in slightly worse than expected, the results are not significant enough to impact the upcoming rate decision.

U.S. Leading Indicators

The leading index for the economy fell 0.6% in July, the fifth straight monthly decline, the Conference Board said Monday. Economists polled by the Wall Street Journal had forecast a 0.4% decline.

FOMC Minutes

“Several” top Federal Reserve officials were ready to cut interest rates in July and most believed a reduction next month is justified in light of slowing inflation and a weakening jobs market, new documents show. “The majority overserved that, if the data continued to come in about as expected, it would likely be appropriate to ease policy at the next meeting,” the minutes of the Fed’s July 30-31 meeting said.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease this week by -0.04% with the current rate at 5.62%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease this week by -0.03% with the current rate at 6.46%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing a -0.20% decrease for this week. Current rates at 5.90%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing a -0.20% decrease for this week. Current rates at 5.92%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 232,000 compared to the expected claims of 230,000. The prior week landed at 228,000.

What’s Ahead

The Federal Reserve’s preferred inflation data report is heading up the pack with the PCI Index releasing at the tail end of the week, headed up by Personal Income and Consumer Confidence reports before that. The PCE Index data will be the strongest motivator for a soon-to-be rate cut.

The results are in, and both the CPI and PPI inflation reports confirm that inflation has come in lower than expected, surpassing expectations. This is a great result leading forward for the next FOMC Rate Decision meeting, as there is high optimism now that the rate cuts are coming this year. With next week’s FOMC Minutes guiding the next meeting, we can expect to hear their stance going forward. We also see a matching indicator in Retail Sales, showing a significant gain across the board, while auto sales had the largest increase in one and a half years. This aligns with previous consumer confidence reports and will serve as a good reference when making the next rate decision for the Federal Reserve.

Consumer Price Index

Inflation stays mild; the 2.9% annual pace is at its lowest since March 2021. The bulk of inflation in July was concentrated in housing; accounting for 90% of the increase in the consumer price index. Energy and food were on the tamer side. Energy prices were flat and the cost of food rose 0.2%.

Producer Price Index

In July, the Producer Price Index (PPI) for final demand increased by 0.1 percent.eh Prices for final demand goods moved up 0.6 percent, and the index for final demand services fell 0.2 percent. Over the 12 months ending in July, the overall prices for final demand increased by 2.2 percent. Wholesale inflation shows few warning signs. Fed interest-rate cut is still on track.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.03% with the current rate at 5.66%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.02% with the current rate at 6.49%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing a 0.01% increase for this week. Current rates at 6.10%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing a 0.02% increase for this week. Current rates at 6.12%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 227,000 compared to the expected claims of 234,000. The prior week landed at 233,000.

What’s Ahead

With only the FOMC Minutes coming up next week, the rest of the week has a notably light schedule. However, the regular weekly reports are still expected to be delivered as usual.

With so little in the way of data releases following the previous week’s FOMC Rate Decision, we’re left with a small release schedule with Consumer Credit and U.S. Trade Deficit rounding up the reports. While relatively light indicators of the current health of the economy, they are still useful for determining more impactful trends in the future. Next week, the inflation data reports with the CPI and PPI are the ones to look out for. This time, these are the ones that will largely determine whether we see rate cuts this year, and lending partners have already been lowering rates in anticipation.

U.S. Trade Deficit

The trade deficit fell by 2.5% in June and receded from a 19-month high, owing to higher exports of aircraft and U.S.-produced oil and gas. The deficit dropped to $73.1 billion in June from $75.0 billion in May, government data showed.

Consumer Credit

Consumers increased the amount of credit they used in June at a slower rate, in a sign of rising financial stress on U.S. households. Consumer credit rose by a modest $8.9 billion in June, Federal Reserve data showed. Economists had expected a $9.7 billion increase, according to a Wall Street Journal forecast.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.36% with the current rate at 5.63%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.26% with the current rate at 6.47%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing a -0.01% decrease for this week. Current rates at 6.09%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing a -0.02% decrease for this week. Current rates at 6.10%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 233,000 compared to the expected claims of 240,000. The prior week landed at 250,000.

What’s Ahead

As we head towards the last quarter of the year, next week will unveil one of the most important inflation data reports of the year. The Federal Reserve has kept a tight lip on whether it intends to cut rates this year, but they have repeatedly said it was predicted based on inflation data. With the last two releases showing favorable results in achieving their goal, it has fueled speculation that rate cuts are on the horizon.

The Federal Reserve’s decision to maintain the current interest rates has paved the way for a potential rate cut in September. While this news has been met enthusiastically by lending partners, the broader markets have indicated a slightly less warm reception despite both the data and Federal Reserve’s intentions being a match. Until September, we can expect a lull in significant data releases, with more substantial decisions anticipated then.

FOMC Rate Decision

Powell stated that the Federal Reserve seeks “a little more confidence” that inflation is consistently trending downward before taking action. The Federal Reserve’s benchmark short-term interest rate now stands at 5.25% to 5.5%. Although consumer prices spiked briefly in the first few months of the year, causing the Federal Reserve to hesitate, inflation has since calmed.

Consumer Confidence 

The index of consumer confidence rose to 100.3 in July from a revised 97.8 in the prior month, the Conference Board said Tuesday. Economists polled by the Wall Street Journal had forecast the index would slip to 99.5 in July.

U.S. Hourly Wages

Wages rose a mild 0.2% last month. The increase in pay over the past year slowed to 3.6% from 3.8% in the prior month and is returning close to pre-pandemic levels.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.08% with the current rate at 5.99%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.05% with the current rate at 6.73%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates saw a -0.22% decrease for this week. Current rates at 6.10%
• 30-Yr VA rates saw a -0.22% decrease for this week. Current rates at 6.12%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 249,000 compared to the expected claims of 235,000. The prior week landed at 235,000.

What’s Ahead

Last week was tense as everyone anticipated the Federal Reserve’s decision to maintain interest rates. This week, apart from the usual unemployment data, there are only minor releases like the US Services PMI and Consumer Credit Reports, which aren’t expected to have a significant impact.

Following the release of the PCE Index figures, which the Federal Reserve prefers as its key inflation metric, the data indicates a slight increase in inflation for the third quarter. Nonetheless, market sentiment remains unchanged, and the prediction that the Federal Reserve is on track to implement rate cuts this year holds firm. Saddled along with the PCE Index, we also have the Personal Income & Spending reports which have indicated the economy is still expanding, and the GDP estimates have also corroborated the reports with their own solid pre-release numbers. 

PCE Index

Prices in the U.S. rose slightly in June in another confirmation that inflation has slowed again, keeping the Federal Reserve on track to cut high U.S. interest rates in the next few months. The Fed’s preferred PCE index edged up 0.1% last month, the government said Friday. That matched the forecast of economists polled by The Wall Street Journal.

Consumer Spending

Consumer spending rose a mild 0.3% in June to help keep the U.S. economy expanding at an above-average speed. Households spent more on travel, recreational goods, medicine, and utilities amid a summer heat wave, government data showed.

GDP (Pre-release)

So much for the U.S. economy shedding most of its surprising strength from last year. Gross domestic product, the official scorecard of the economy, expanded at an above-average 2.8% annual pace in the second quarter, the government said Thursday. Economists polled by The Wall Street Journal had forecast a 2.1% increase. GDP grew twice as fast as it did in the first quarter when the economy expanded at a 1.4% rate.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.02% with the current rate at 6.07%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.01% with the current rate at 6.78%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates saw no change for this week. Current rates at 6.32%
• 30-Yr VA rates saw no change for this week. Current rates at 6.34%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 235,000 compared to the expected claims of 235,000. The prior week landed at 245,000.

What’s Ahead

All eyes are on the FOMC rate decision this upcoming week. The only notable release for this week outside of the rate decision meeting is the Non-farm Payroll numbers, which are a greater figure for the state of consumer spending power, and whether income is keeping pace with inflation.

The week after the inflation data reports was expected to be relatively quiet, with the most significant event being a meeting with Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell. He remained tight-lipped about when rate cuts would happen, but given his demeanor, he did not deny that rate cuts were on the way — simply that he would not indicate when they would arrive. This has only confirmed to lending partners and the broader market that they were right to feel optimistic that rate cuts are possible before the end of the year.

There were a few cyclical reports released, with the Economic Indicators report taking the lead and the Federal Reserve’s Beige Book being among the highlights.

Economic Indicators

The leading index for the economy fell again in June for the fourth month in a row, reflecting a slowdown in U.S. growth since the beginning of the year. The privately run Conference Board said the index slid 0.2% last month. The index had fallen for two straight years before briefly turning positive in February.

Federal Reserve’s Beige Book

U.S. economic activity seemed to soften in the past two months, with five of the Federal Reserve’s 12 regions reporting flat or declining activity, a Fed survey released Wednesday found. That is three more weak districts than were reported in the last survey, in May.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.12% with the current rate at 6.05%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.12% with the current rate at 6.77%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing an increase by 0.07% for this week. Current rates at 6.32%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing an increase by 0.08% for this week. Current rates at 6.34%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 243,000 compared to the expected claims of 229,000. The prior week landed at 223,000.

What’s Ahead

Next week, the government will release the Consumer Confidence Report and the total U.S. employment data. Both of these reports should provide insights into the state of the economy and consumer sentiment.

With lofty expectations, the CPI delivered a lower-than-expected inflation increase, leading to a positive uptake across many lending partners and markets. However, the PPI was on the opposite end of that, with a higher-than-expected inflation rate increase, muting the positive response from the CPI data release.

The outlook for a rate cut this year has changed, making the potential for it highly likely. Even Jerome Powell, who usually has a more hawkish response regarding rate cuts, is now leaving some room for this possibility. With the outlooks in favor of a rate cut, we’re seeing the impact across many markets as the potential change for rates is reduced long term.

Consumer Price Index

The cost of consumer goods and services fell in June for the first time since the pandemic in 2020, affirming a recent slowdown in inflation that could impel the Federal Reserve to cut high U.S. interest rates in the next few months. The consumer price index fell 0.1% last month after no change in May, the government said Thursday. That’s the first drop since May 2020 at the height of the pandemic when the economy was mostly shut down.

Producer Price Index

Wholesale costs rose slightly faster than expected in June, but not enough to counter a recent string of reports showing inflation has slowed again. The Producer Price Index advanced 0.2% last month, the government said Friday. That was a touch faster than Wall Street’s 0.1% forecast.

Consumer Credit

Total consumer credit rose $11.3 billion in May, up from a $6.5 billion gain in the prior month, the Federal Reserve said Monday. Economists had been expecting a $8 billion gain, according to a Wall Street Journal survey. The rise in May translates into a 2.7% annual rate, stronger than the 1.5% rise in the prior month.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.08% with the current rate at 6.17%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.06% with the current rate at 6.89%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing a decrease by -0.25% for this week. Current rates at 6.25%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing a decrease by -0.26% for this week. Current rates at 6.26%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 222,000 compared to the expected claims of 236,000. The prior week landed at 239,000.

What’s Ahead

Proceeding reports after the inflation data releases are, as expected, having a very light release schedule. The only notable release are the retail sales reports which indicate how much consumers have leveraged their purchasing power in the last quarter.

With lofty expectations, the CPI delivered a lower-than-expected inflation increase, leading to a positive uptake across many lending partners and markets. However, the PPI was on the opposite end of that, with a higher-than-expected inflation rate increase, muting the positive response from the CPI data release.

The outlook for a rate cut this year has changed, making the potential for it highly likely. Even Jerome Powell, who usually has a more hawkish response regarding rate cuts, is now leaving some room for this possibility. With the outlooks in favor of a rate cut, we’re seeing the impact across many markets as the potential change for rates is reduced long term.

Consumer Price Index

The cost of consumer goods and services fell in June for the first time since the pandemic in 2020, affirming a recent slowdown in inflation that could impel the Federal Reserve to cut high U.S. interest rates in the next few months. The consumer price index fell 0.1% last month after no change in May, the government said Thursday. That’s the first drop since May 2020 at the height of the pandemic when the economy was mostly shut down.

Producer Price Index

Wholesale costs rose slightly faster than expected in June, but not enough to counter a recent string of reports showing inflation has slowed again. The Producer Price Index advanced 0.2% last month, the government said Friday. That was a touch faster than Wall Street’s 0.1% forecast.

Consumer Credit

Total consumer credit rose $11.3 billion in May, up from a $6.5 billion gain in the prior month, the Federal Reserve said Monday. Economists had been expecting a $8 billion gain, according to a Wall Street Journal survey. The rise in May translates into a 2.7% annual rate, stronger than the 1.5% rise in the prior month.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.08% with the current rate at 6.17%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.06% with the current rate at 6.89%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing a decrease by -0.25% for this week. Current rates at 6.25%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing a decrease by -0.26% for this week. Current rates at 6.26%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 222,000 compared to the expected claims of 236,000. The prior week landed at 239,000.

What’s Ahead

Proceeding reports after the inflation data releases are, as expected, having a very light release schedule. The only notable release are the retail sales reports which indicate how much consumers have leveraged their purchasing power in the last quarter.

With the FOMC Minutes coming precisely within expectations, there is once again a lot of optimism that the Federal Reserve may cut rates this year. Much of the Q2 data reports show favorable amounts of reduction in inflation as well as a more stable economic outlook for the rest of the year. With the larger reports in PMI Manufacturing numbers and Non-farm Payroll figures, the overall outlook seems to align with the rest of the data points, justifying the more recent optimism about potential rate cuts. This week should give the final results on Q2 inflation results with the new releases of CPI and PPI data reports.

Global US Manufacturing PMI

A key barometer of U.S. factories fell in June for the third month in a row, signaling that an ongoing slump in the industrial side of the economy shows no sign of ending. The Institute for Supply Management’s manufacturing index slipped to 48.5% in June from 48.7% in the prior month. Numbers below 50% signal that the manufacturing sector is shrinking.

U.S. Hourly Wages

Wage growth for the last 12 months ending in June slowed to 3.9% from 4.1%, marking the smallest increase seen since August 2021. At one point, yearly wages were rising as fast as 5.9%. A shortage of labor prompted millions to change jobs in pursuit of better pay, particularly to cope with significant inflation.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.09% with the current rate at 6.25%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.09% with the current rate at 6.95%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing a decrease by -0.01% for this week. Current rates at 6.50%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing no change for this week. Current rates at 6.52%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 238,000 compared to the expected claims of 233,000. The prior week landed at 234,000.

What’s Ahead

CPI and PPI are the most relevant reports coming up, with the rest of the week having an extremely light release schedule. 

Following the release of key data such as the FOMC rate decision and CPI and PPI inflation reports, only the PCE Index reports remained to set the course, which are coming in well within expectations. The Consumer Confidence Report is also a significant concern since it influences broader economic decisions when consumers hesitate to spend, usually due to rising living costs.

Consumer Confidence Report

Consumers were slightly more optimistic about the economy at the end of June, but the effects of high inflation in the past few years still weighed on their minds. The final reading of the consumer sentiment index rose to 68.2 in June from a preliminary 65.6 earlier in the month, but it’s still the lowest level in seven months. The index also stands well below a prepandemic peak of 101. Although Americans think inflation will ease, they say high inflation and slower income growth have worried them more about their finances, according to the University of Michigan survey.

PCE Index

The Federal Reserve’s preferred PCE index was unchanged last month, the government said Friday. Economists polled by The Wall Street Journal had forecast a flat reading. If inflation continues to recede in the next few months, the Fed could lay the groundwork to cut U.S. interest rates in the fall. The increase in inflation in the past 12 months slipped to 2.6% from 2.7%. The Fed is aiming to bring inflation down to 2% a year.

Primary Mortgage Market Survey Index

• 15-Yr FRM rates are seeing an increase by 0.03% with the current rate at 6.16%
• 30-Yr FRM rates are seeing a decrease by -0.01% with the current rate at 6.86%

MND Rate Index

• 30-Yr FHA rates are seeing an increase by 0.02% for this week. Current rates at 6.51%
• 30-Yr VA rates are seeing an increase by 0.02% for this week. Current rates at 6.52%

Jobless Claims

Initial Claims were reported to be 233,000 compared to the expected claims of 235,000. The prior week was landed at 239,000.

What’s Ahead

Next week, we anticipate ISM Manufacturing data, U.S. trade deficits, and overall U.S. unemployment figures to provide further insights into the direction of the economy. Despite being less comprehensive reports, they often serve as early indicators of inflation trends which are a crucial focus for all stakeholders.